2011年上海中高级口译全真题分析

　　1.英译中

　　"A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. Americans, it is alleged, worship only "the almighty dollar". We scramble to "keep up with the Joneses". The love affair between Americans and their automobiles has been a continuing subject of derisive commentary by both foreign and domestic critics. Americans are said to live by quantitative ethic. Bigger is better, whether in bombs or sedans. The classical virtues of grace, harmony, and economy of both means and ends are lost on most Americans. As a result, we are said to be swallowing up the world's supply of natural resources, which are irreplaceable. Americans constitute 6 percent of the world's population but consume over a third of the world's energy. These are now familiar complaints. Indeed, in some respects Americans may believe the "pursuit of happiness" to mean the pursuit of material things".

　　评：本段文章语气严肃，用词精致，论证严密，内部连接自然.一气呵成。若要译好.上文提到过的第1、2、5、7原则都不能偏颇，上述的翻译方法大部分都要用到。有两个考点：其一，“We scramble to‘keep up with the Joneses’(我们盲目地追逐时尚，或我们一味地人云亦云)”;其二，“The classical virtues O{grace，harmony，and economy Of both means and ends are lost on most Americans(温文尔雅.与人为善、量入为出曾经是美国的传统美德，而如今在多数美国人身上已难觅踪影)”。光看括号里的参考译文，就知道是几种翻译原则和翻译方法的结合。再如，“…excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect O{the human spirit”(过分地热衷于物质享受而相应地忽略了人文精神)等等。可见，要使译文神形兼备，的确要动一番脑筋。

　　2.中译英

　　“我国政府强化了对外贸的控制，强化了商会这类中介机构的服务与协调功能。我们希望继续加强外贸体制的改革，使之逐渐走向竞争，并受到诸如关税、汇率和利率等法律和经济手段的制约。所有这些都应有助于加速中国外贸的国际化进程，为宏观经贸局面的形成创造一个较好的环境。通过促进商贸业、制造业、农业、技术产业和银行之间更为密切的合作，我们能够为国际市场提供更多、更好的出口产品。在这种情况下，中国自然会成为一个大市场。”

　　评：整个段落是我国外贸政策改革的对外宣传，是从.国家的层面对中国外贸政策进行的严肃描述和对外的庄严承诺，因此译文一定要严肃、工整、大气。就原文的用词而言.几乎没有生僻的单词(“商会chamber Of commerce”、“中介机构intermediary agency”、“外贸体制foreign trade system”、“关税tariff”、“汇率foreign exchange rate”、”利率interest rate”等行业词汇除外)，考生只要了解政经英语的文体特点和掌握了该文体常用的句式选择，便不会出现大的错误，从而拿到较为理想的分数。

上海外国语大学	上海复旦网院口译

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